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University of Southampton

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Understanding Hubs & Switches in Networking

When we talk about computer networking, two important devices often come into discussion: Hubs & Switches. Both are used to connect multiple devices within a network, but they work differently.

A Hub is a simple device that connects multiple computers in a network and transmits data to all connected devices. It doesn’t know where the data is supposed to go, so it sends the same data to every device. This often leads to unnecessary traffic and slower performance. Hubs are considered outdated in modern networking but are still used in some small or less critical setups.

On the other hand, a Switch is smarter and more efficient. Switches can identify the exact device where the data needs to be delivered. Instead of broadcasting to all, they send the data only to the intended device. This reduces network congestion, increases speed, and makes the overall performance much better.


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